Motor-cycle.



'Patented May'l3, I902. W. H. MUZZY. .lOTOR CYCLE. (Application filed. Man, 24, 1902) No. 700,51. Patented May |3, |9o2.

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MOTOR CYCLE.

- (Application filed m. 24, 1902. (No Model.) V 3 Sheets-Sheet, 3.

umml lnf vllll I H I 1 W w ml 1W 1." /ZE MN UNITED STATEs PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM n. MuZZr, on DAYTON, orno.

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SPECIFICATION formingipar't 'of Letters mane No, 700,151, dated May 13, 1902; Applieationfiled March 24,1902. Serial No. 99,585. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: k

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. MUzZg-a' citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and-State of Ohio, have invented certain new and-useful Improvements in Motor-Cycles, of which I declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description.

motor-cycles, and has more particular relation to motor-cycles in which the motor is started by foot-pedals which are adapted to independently drive the cycle.

One of the objects of theinvention is to place the motor crank-shaft and the pedal crank-shaft concentric, so that they may both be located at the point in the frame which is usually occupied by the pedal crank-shaftalone. p

A further object is to provide the motor itself with a brake. H

Another object is to control the engine from the pedals. I

The invention consists of certain novel constructions, combinations, and arrangements of parts, all of which willbe hereinafter more particularly set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of'this specification, Figure l represents a. side elevation-of a motor-cycle embodying my-inventiomsome ofthe parts being omitted I for clearness. Fig.2 represents, an approximately central transverse section through the motor, the upper part of the same being broken away. Fig. 3 represents an approxi- 'matelyvertical section through the same,

taken at aright angle to Fig.2. Figs. 4 and 5 represent viewssimilar to Fig. 2 of modified forms of my invention, the brake and other parts being; omitted-for clearness. -Figs. 6 and 7 representdetailside elevations of the elements of a coaster-brake such as arecommon on the market and well-known 1n the,

art. Fig. 8 representsa detail side elevation of theball-run disk formingpartof the brake mechanism, and Fig. 9 represents a detail side elevation of the cam-disk carried by the In the aforesaid drawings, 1 is the seatmast portion of the frame of the bicycle; 2, the lower incline tube; 3, the horizontal rear fork; 4, the driving-wheel; 5, the (11lVil1g.-bQ1t' ri m; 6, the driving-belt; 7', the regular driving-chain; 8, thesprocket-wheel; 9, the beltpulley,-and 10 the pedal-cranks.

i The bicycle, including the frame, the motor formingpart of the frame, the rear driving-wheel, and means for connecting the same with-the motor and driving-sprocket, is old 1 and wellknown in this particular art, and will This invention relates to improvements in therefore need no detail description here.

.I will first-describe the principal parts of the invention as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

In these figures the cylinder 13, crank-casing 12, fly-Wheels 15, pitman 23, and other workin g parts of the engine such as piston,valves, sparking devices, &c.are all old and their operation is well understood and is similar to manyexplosive-gasolene ,motors now on the market. The motorcrank-shaft 14:, however, instead of being solid, as is usual, is in the form ofasle'eve, or rather two sleeves, 14,

which are connectedat their inner ends to the respective fly-wheels 15, the whole being made rigid to form the crankby the connec-' tion of the two fly-wheels by the rigid crankpin 16. Thesleeves l lrare' suitably journaled in the sides of the, crank-case so as to project beyondthe same. The belt-wheel 9 is attachedto one sleeve, whilethe valve gear and make and break device is con; trolled from-theother. .The{pedal crank shaft isformed in two sections 11, which are journaled in the sleeves 14 andare provided attheir inner ends with gears 21, fast thereto.

The pedal-cranks 10 and the sprocket.

wheel 22 are attached totheprojecting ends I of said shafts 11, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The gears mesh withsimilar, gears 20, which are fastupon the opposite ends of a sleeve 17, journaled upon the pinllG. The lower journal-collar of the pitman is journaled upon the sleeve17, the usual journal metal being interposed;

It will be seen from the aforegoing descrip-, tion that the motor-crank, built up of the sleeves. 14:, wheels 15, andpin 16, is ,free to rotate independently of the pedal crank-shafts 11, but that the latter are positively connected, so that they must move in unison just as if the shafts 11 were but one integral shaft.

The pedal crank-shafts can also be movedin- I depehde'ntly of the motor crank-shaft, the. sleeve 17 simply rotating upon the'pin 16;

As the wheels and 21 are exactly the same size, one rotation of the motor crank-shaft when the pedal crank-shaft is held stationary will result in a single rotation of the gears 20 and sleeve 17. If so desired, the gears 21 may be made much smaller than the gears 20, so that the motor crank-shaft will move through two revolutions in order to rotate the sleeve 17 once. The motor being of the four-cycle type, the sleeve 17 would thus only make one revolution in relation to the pistoncoupling and the pin 16 for each impulse of the piston, whereas, as shown, it makes two.

The sprocket-wheel 22 is connected by a chain 7 with the sprocket-wheel 8 for driving the rear wheel 4 in starting the motor and for applying the brake to the rear wheel by backpedaling. Any suitable form of coasterbrake-such, for instance, as shown in Figs. (5 and 7 and well known in the art-is interposed between the sprocket-wheel, the hub of the rear wheel, and the backstay. As this coaster-brake in itself forms no part of this invention and is well known, no further description of the same is thought to be necessary. The belt-wheel 9 is connected to the belt-rim 5 on the rear wheel by the flexible driving-belt 6.

One of the fly-wheels 15 is provided with a rigid friction-disk 34, having a beveled recess and forming one member of a frictionbrake for the motor.- The other member of this brake is fast to the crank-casing and is formed with a beveled ring to engage the disk 34. Suitable friction material is applied on the meeting faces of the two disks. A split-spring washer 36 is applied between the journalfianges of the left-hand fly-wheel and the crank-casing to normally hold the disks 34 and 35 apart. The left-hand shaft-section 11 carries a disk 37, having a ball-run 38 formed in its inner face. run is formed into a series of cams, similar to the coaster construction shown in Fig. 6, so that as long as the disk 37 moves forward with the pedals the balls 30 will move with it in their normal positions; but when the movement of the disk is reversed by backpedaling the balls will tend to move laterally. A stationary disk is loosely mounted on shaft 11, but is secured rigidly to the crankcasing by spider-clips 41. This disk 40 has a circular ball-run 42, in which the balls 39 travel. When the disk 37 is moved backward, the tendency, as before stated, is to force the balls from the run 38; but as any lateral movement of the balls is prevented by the disk 40 the disk 37 is forced to the left and draws with it both of the crankshafts and the fly-wheels. This movement is very slight, but is suflicient to bring the disk 34 against the disk 35, and thus retard the-engine by putting friction on the flywheels direct. hen the pedals are again moved forward, the parts assume their normal positions and the fly-wheels run free of the crank-casing.

The seat of this 7 The right-hand sleeve 14 is provided with a pinion 43, which meshes with another pinion 44, fast to a short shaft 45, which is journaled in the crank-casing. This shaft carries the valve-raising cam 46, which contacts with the lower end of the valve-stem 47, and thus raises the exhaust-valve at the proper period in the cycle of the engine. The shaft also controls the make-and-break device 48 of the circuit for supplying the ignitingspark. The sparking device and the exhaustvalve gear are both old constructions and need no further description or illustration here. When the brake is applied in the motor, it is of course desirable to discontinue the spark and prevent the engine from pump-- ing the explosive mixture from the carbureter. To effect this result, the right-hand shaft 11 is provided at its outer end-with a nut 50, against which the lower beveled end of a rod 51 abuts, so that when the shaft is moved to the left, as above described, the rod 5lis raised andits upperend thus broughtinto the path of the valve-stem 47 to prevent the latter descending its full stroke, and thus preventing the seating of the exhaust-valve, with the result that the cylinder will draw its supply through the eXhaust-port without raising the intake-valve leading to the carbureter. The fuel is thus cut olf the instant the brake is applied. The rod 51 is slidably mounted within the valve-gear casing and is normally drawn into its lower position byacoil-spring 53, which connects it to the casing. The rod further carries a platinum arm 54, which normally rests upon two contact-points 55 and 50, which are included in the circuit. Vhen the rod is raised, as above described, the connection between the contacts is broken and no sparking can take place in the cylinder. The timing of the spark is controlled in the usual manner by a handle 57 on the frame and connected to the movable sparking device 48. When the brake is applied by the pedals with the spark set high, it is necessary to adjust the spark to starting position before the pedals are again moved forward, or otherwise the engine would back-fire.

It will be observed that the support for the contacts 55 and 56 is stationary and does not move with the movable sparking device 48.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the motor is controlled automatically bythe pedals. \Vhen the rider wishes to start, he pedals forward and then throws on his current by the lever 57. \Vhen his motor is started, he has to touch the lever 57 only to get greaterspeed, as he can slow up and go ahead again by moving the pedals only.

In the construction shown the explosions in the cylinder cease the instant the brake is applied; but I also contemplate allowing the explosions to continue when the brake is only v In such an application of lightly applied. the invention the contacts 55 and 56 would be of sufiicient length to prevent the arm 54, which would engage the sides of the same,

too

IXO

from breaking the circuit until the rod 51 is fully raised. At all intermediate points the sparking would continue and the exhaustvalve would be open more or less. These intermediate positions of the exhaust valve would vary-the degree of compression, and thus regulate the force of the explosion.

There is of course sufficient clearance between all of the laterally-movable parts and the stationary parts to allow of the lateral movement.

The pedalsand connections for putting on a brake on the driving part and on the motor itself and also regulating the speed of the engine and the spark could also be used on Vehicles larger than bicycles and having three or four wheels.

Motor-cyclesas now constructed put the brake suddenly on the rear wheel, and unless 1 the current is turned 01f immediately the engine continues to' operate for a time and at each stroke violently jerks the drivingbelt, such as 6. This belt is one of the most vulnerable parts of the machine and soon breaks down under such treatment. WVith my device the brakes are simultaneously applied to the rear wheel and to the motor fly-wheels direct, so that the belt and other connecting parts are relieved of any shock even though one or two explosions occur before the brake is fully applied.

In the modified form of my invention shown in Fig. 4 the connection of the pedal crankshafts 11 is practically the same as shown in Fig. 2, except that the journal-sleeve of the pitman 23 is relieved of all friction by the pin 25, carrying the gears 24, passing through the hollow crank-pin 23. The short shafts 27 are mounted-in the fly-wheels and carry pinions 26 and 28, which mesh, respectively, with the gears 24 and gears 29 upon the inner ends of the shaftsll.

In the modification shown in Fig. 5 th pedal crank-shafts 11 carry larger exposed gears 31, which mesh with pinions 32 on a transverse shaft 33, journaled in the lower part of the crank-case.

Should the motor forany reason breakdown on the road, the belt 6 can be removed and the bicycle driven from the pedals alone, the sleeve 17 and the gears 20 in such a case simply rotating on the pin 16 without moving the engine and entirely free of the latter. In such a case the motor-brake would be useless; but the driving-wheel brake would suffice, as no motor momentum would have to be contendedwith.

The location of the motor and pedal shafts at the same point in the diamond brings all driving strains, whether by the motor or the pedals, fairly in line with the rear fork 3,

where they should be.

By providing means for controlli'n g the mo to'r automatically from the pedals sudden stops may be made that have heretofore been impossible, as the motor hasbeen allowed to run after the brake was applied to the rear wheel, as when a sudden stop was desired the rider had not the time to shut offfuel, spark, the. The back actions of the pedals with an old rider is almost instinctively made when he wishes to stop or slow up, and therefore has a great advantage over any manipulation of switches, throttles, &c., which are not instinctive actions and in many cases require the removal of the riders hands from the bandle-bars at a time when he can least risk any irregular movement of the steering-wheel.

I do-not wish to limit the application of my invention to motor-cycles, as it may be employed also in connection with motors and all kinds of motor-vehicles.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with a motor including a laterally-movable hollow crank-shaft anda pitman, of a pedal crank-shaft formed in two sections which are connected through the path of the pitman so that a movement of one section will result in a corresponding movement of the other section, brake members mounted respectively on the laterally-movable hollow crank-shaft and a stationary part of the mo tor, and means for moving the hollow crankshaft laterally when the pedal crank-shaft is moved backward by either pedal.

2. The combination with a motor including a laterally-movable crank-shaft, of a pedal crank-shaft concentric therewith, means con: trolled by the pedal crank-shaft for moving the motor crank-shaf t laterally,exhaust-valve gear, make-and-break mechanism for control-- ling the spark, and means operated bythelateral movement of the crank-shaft for preventing the seating of the exhaust-valve and for breaking the circuit.

3. The combination with a cycle, of a motor, a driving-pedal crank-shaft, means for apply-- ing a brake to the motor controlled'from the pedal crank-shaft, exhaustvalve gearing, make-and-break mechanism for controlling the spark, and means controlled by the pedal crank-shaft for preventing the seating of the valve and-breaking the circuit. 4:. The combination with a cycle, of a motor, means connecting the motor and the drivingwheel, a pedal crank-shaft, means connecting this latter shaft and the driving-wheel, a brake for the driving-wheel controlled from ICC the pedal crank-shaft and a brakefor the the same and also through the path of travel of the motor crank-shaft. I

6. The combination with a motor 'havin'ga crank and pitman, of an-independent crankshaft and connections passing through the path of travel of the motor-crankandpitm'an;'

7. The combination with a motor having a I crank, pitman and fly-wheel, ofan'indepen'dent crankshaft and connections passing through the path of travel of the motor-crank, pitman and fly-wheel.

8. The combination with a motor having a double crank and a pitman of an independent crank-shaft and connections passing through the path of travel of the crank and pitman.

9. The combination with a motor including two fly-wheels connection by a pin to' form the crank, of an independent crank-shaft and connections passing through the path of travel of the motor-crank.

10. The combination with a motor including a crank-shaft and a pitman, of an independent crank-shaft concentric with the first crank-shaft and formed in separated sections, and means connecting the sections through the path of movement of the crank and pitman.

11. The combination with a motor having a crank and crank-shaft formed of hollow shaft-sections, fiy-wheels and a connectingpin,of independent crank-shaft sections passing through the hollow sections and means connecting the independent sect-ions through the path of travel of the crank.

12. In a motor-cycle including a motor and a starting and controlling pedal-shaft the combination of a brake forming part of the motor and controlled entirely from the pedals.

13. In a motor-cycle including a motor and a starting and controlling pedal-shaft, valvegear operated by the motor, and means operated by the pedal-shaft for preventing the motor, when running, from feeding fuel.

14. In a motor-cycle including a motor and a starting and controlling pedal-shaft, the combination with make-and-break devices for the circuit controlling the spark, of means operated by the pedal-shaft for breaking the circuit.

15. The combination of a motor having a crank-shaft, of a pedal crank-shaft concentric therewith and formed in two sections, and means connecting the two sections so that they move together without interfering with the motor crank-shaft.

16. The combination of a motor having a crank-shaft made up of hollow shaft-sections, fly-wheels and a crank-pin, of pedal-shaft sections mounted within the hollow shaft-sections and means for connecting the pedalshaft sections so that they move together.

17. The combination of a motor having a crank-shaft, a pedal crank-shaft concentric therewith and formed in two sections, and gearing connecting these sections through the path of the motor crank-shaft.

18. In a motor-cycle the combination with a diamond frame, of a driving-wheel journaled at the rear point of the diamond, a motor hung at the lower point of the diamond, and a pedal-shaft hung at the same point.

19. The combination with a motor including two fly-wheels connected by a crank-pin to form the motor-crank, of a pitman connected to the crank-pin, and an independent crank-shaft concentric to the motor crankshaft and including connections which pass through the path of the motor crank-shaft and pitman.

20. In a motor-cycle the combination with a frame, of a driving-wheel, a motor so located in the frame that the rear fork of the latter extends in a direct line between the motor crank-shaft and the driving-wheel axle, and a controlling pedal crank-shaft so mounted as to bear a similar relation to the rear fork.

21. In a motor-cycle the combination with a frame, a driving-wheel, a motor, a brake for the driving-wheel, a direct brake for the motor, a pedal crank-shaft, and means for controlling both brakes from the pedal crankshaft.

22. In a motor-cycle the combination with a motor, of a cycle driving-wheel, a brake for the driving-wheel, make-and-break devices, and a pedal crank-shaft, connections between said shaft and brake, and means controlled by said shaft for preventing the motor feeding fuel and for breaking theelectric circuit.

23. In a motor-cycle the combination with a motor, of a pedal crank-shaft and means in termediate the shaft and motor for preventing explosions in the motor at will.

24. In a motor-cycle the combination with a motor, of a pedal crank-shaft, and means intermediate the shaft and motor for preventing the seating of the exhaust-valve at will.

25. In a motor-cycle the combination with a motor, of a pedal crank-shaft and means intermediate the shaft and motor for preventing the sparking in the motor at will.

26. In a motor-cycle the combination with a motor, of a pedal crank-shaft, a direct brake for the motor and means intermediate the crank-shaft and brake for applying the same to the motor at will.

27. The combination with a motor including a crank-shaft of an independent shaft formed in two sections and mounted concentric with the crank-shaft, a sleeve mounted on the crank-pin and provided with gears and gears connecting the shaft-sections and said sleeve-gears so that the two shaft-sections move together.

28. The combination with a motor including a crank-shaft having hollow journal-sections, of an independent shaft formed in two sections which are mounted respectively in the hollow shaft-sections, a sleeve mounted on the crank-pin and carrying gears at its opposite ends and gears connecting the independent shaft-sections to the sleeve-gears.

29. The combination with a motor including a crank-shaft made up of two fly-wheels, a connecting crank-pin, and hollow journalsections, of an independent pedal crank-shaft formed in sections and mounted in the hollow motor'crank-sections, gears mounted on the pedal crank-sections,a sleeve on the crankpin carrying gears which mesh with the aforesaid gears and a pitman with its lower end journaled on said sleeve.

30. The combination with a motor having inclosed crank and fly wheels, of a brake within the motor and applied directly to the crankshaft, and means for operating the brake from the exterior of the motor.

31. The combination of a motor having inclosed fly-wheels, of friction-brake members mounted respectively upon the fiy-wheels and the crank-casing and means for bringing the members together from the exterior of the casing.

32. The combination with a motor having a laterally-movable crank-shaft, of a brake mounted upon said shaft and brought into action by its lateral movement, and means for moving the shaft laterally.

33. The combination with a motor,of a starting-shaft for the same and means for arresting the motor when the shaft is moved backward.

34. In a motor-vehicle the combination with an explosive-motor, of a crank-shaft for start-.

ing the same, and means connected to said shaft for preventing the motor sparking when the shaft is moved backward.

35. In a motor-vehicle the combination with a motor, of a lever for starting the same, and means connected to the lever for preventing fuel being fed to the motor when said lever is moved backward.

36. In a motor-vehicle the combination with a motor, of a starting-crank, a direct brake forthe motor and means connecting the crank and brake for applying the latter when the crank is moved backward.

37. In a motor-vehicle the combination with a motor, of a starting-crank for the same and means for cutting off the supply to the motor and breaking the circuit when the crank is turned backward.

38. In a motor-vehicle the combination with.

a motor, of a starting-crank, means intermediate the crank and motor for moving the latter forward with the crank but allowing the latter to remain stationary or move backward independently, and means for preventing explosions in the motor when the crank is moved backward. 1

39. The combination with a motor, of a starting crank-shaft for the same concentric with the motor crank-shaft and means intermediate the starting crank-shaft and the motor crank-shaft for communicating movement to the latter.

40. The combination with a motor, of a starting crank-shaft for the same concentric with the motor crank-shaft and means for preventing explosions in the motor controlled by the starting crank-shaft.

41. In a motor-vehicle the combination with a motor of a starting-crank for the same and means controlled by the starting-crank for preventing or allowing explosions in the motor.

42. In a motor-vehicle the combination with an explosive-motor, of means for starting said motor, and devices actuated by the starting means for controlling the explosions in the motor.

43. In a motor-vehicle the combination with an explosive-motor, of a starting means and connections for controlling the speed of the motor.

44. In a motor-vehicle the combination with anexplosive-motor, of a manually-operated starting means, and devices actuated by said means for controlling the speed of the motor.

45. In a motor-cycle the combination with an explosive-motor, of a pedal crank-shaft for starting said motor and devices actuated by said crank-shaft for controlling the speed of the motor.

46. In a motor-cycle the combination with 7 an explosive-motor, of a pedal crank-shaft for startingsaid motor and means actuated by said pedal-shaft for breaking the electric circuit and thus preventing sparking in the motor.

47. In a motor-cycle the combination with an explosive-motor, of a pedal crank-shaft for starting both the cycle and the motor and means actuated by said shaft for controlling the speed of the motor. V

48. In a motor-cycle the combination with a motor having a crank-shaft made up of shaft-sections carrying each a fiy-wheel and a crank-pin connecting said fiy-wheels, of. a

pedalcrank-shaft formed of two sections concentric with the motor cra-nk-shaft sections, gears mounted on the inner ends of the pedalcrank-shaft sections and a sleeve journaled on the crank-pin and carrying gears at its op posite ends which mesh with the aforesaid gears.

49. In a motor-vehicle the combination with a motor having a laterally-movable crankshaft, of a brake applied to'the motor by the lateral movement of said shaft and means for moving the shaft laterally at will.

50. In a motor-vehicle the combination with a motor having a laterally-movable crankshaft, and a starting device for the motor also controlling the lateral movement of the shaft 51. In a motor-vehicle the combination with a motor having a laterally-movable crankshaft, means for moving the shaft laterally at will, and speed-controlling devices actuated by the lateral movement of the shaft.

52. In a motor-cycle the combination with a motor, of a driving-wheel, a pedal crankshaft, a coaster-brake on the driving-wheel,

means connecting the pedal crank-shaft and coaster-brake, a direct brake for the motor also controlled by the pedal crank-shaft, and means connecting the motor and drivingwheel.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

WM. H. MUZZY. Witnesses:

M. F. Hooam, M. PAXSON. 

